Development may be regarded as a goal or a process, which involves causal relationship. Unless we understand what development means, both in terms of goals and in term of process, there are likely to be problems. Different worldviews and philosophies in defining development problems and their solutions, as currently used in different disciplines, refer to cause-effect as a fundamental relationship between phenomena. The history of differing values and attitudes presented in management, design and planning indicates the importance of cause and effect relationship which is one of the four general principles in philosophy, along with existence-nonexistence, necessity-possibility and unity diversity. The sort of knowledge and some of the values and attitudes needed by built environment professionals can be explored by the Endogenous Development Model and its associated and internal paradigms which pursue the way of developing people's talent and capabilities from within in a lateral and independent organization. This paper is an attempt to discuss aspects of the Endogenous Development Paradigms: "Production Process" and "Supply-demand Relationship". Production Process analyses different debates of the cause-effect relationship and the ways of bringing things and manmades into existence. This starts from evolution of thought in Diachronous Domain and ends to the generation of typologies in Synchronous Domain via chasing the mechanism of the Production Process, after defining ultimate goals and needs. Then, Supply-demand Relationship emerges which is responsible for adjusting all the activities and generating the new products in surface structure by controlling the process of production. On the contrary to the direction of the Production Process, this function is from surface to depth (via feedback control in natural process and by feed-forward control in artificial domain) and influences the reconstruction of the built environment as a secondary cause. In this regards, life creative process, people-centered development and its differences with goods-centered development will be mentioned. There will be and attempt to study the role of planning in the Model of Endogenous Development by referring to the results of the analysis related to the named principles.

Although we are quite familiar with the concept of 'problem' based on our experiences and tacit knowledge, but its definition is still complicated. The problem is not a self- explaining fact; rather it is defined according to human values, idols and ideals. Development problems are doubtlessly defined and solved in line with the ideological views of environmental planners, i.e. urban designers, architects, etc. This article tries to interact different views to problem solving in order to introduce Endogenous Development Doctrine. The views are classified into four major groups: the conservatives or inactivists, who are in fact the problem absolvers; the reactivists who are experts at analyzing the problems, i.e. the problem resolve's; the futurists or preactivists who are the problem solvers and  the interactivists who are the problem dissolvers. On this basis the Endogenous Development Model is assessed and its scientific rationale that emphasizes a futurist society, a fair production and distribution process, community participation, and horizontal organizations is explained

Researches in exploring of driving forces of regional endogenous development, concentrate on subjects which have been so controversial. Regional endogenous development (RED), together with other core regional development concepts, is usually focused on the sub-national regional development process of the home country. This paper attempts to conceptualize and examine regional endogenous development model for Iran’ s regions. The work presented here contributes to the design of a regional endogenous model which is tested in Iran by assessing the domestic forces and drivers of development based in 30 Iranian regions. The paper introduces a conceptual model for the study and then develops and tests the model with data for the primary regions of Iran. Large and positive correlation is found between measures of latent and explanatory independent and dependent variables in the regional endogenous model. Specifically it is found that such endogenous factors as institution, human capital, entrepreneurship, leadership, innovation and resource endowment are critical driving force for achieving increased regional productivity and thus tailoring of polices to support regional endogenous development and growth.

This paper attempts to conceptualize and examine regional endogenous development model for World’ s regions and Iran. The work presented here contributes to the design of Manufacturing Industries endogenous development model (MIEDM) which is tested in the World by assessing the domestic forces and drivers of development based in World Selected Countries. The paper introduces a conceptual model for the study and then develops and tests the model with data for the primary Countries of the World. Large and positive correlation is found between measures of latent and explanatory independent and dependent variables in the regional endogenous model. Specifically it is found that such endogenous factors as Institution, human Capital, Entrepreneurship, Leadership, Innovation and Resource Endowment are critical driving force for achieving increased regional productivity and thus tailoring of polices to support regional endogenous development. Based on the results, it is suggested that planners and policy makers consider the capacity and ability of industries to adapt positively to the situation.

The present study aimed to identify the dimensions and components of the learning community of university faculty members. This research is a qualitative study in which the phenomenological approach has been employed. Participants were selected from among the professors and faculty members of the university. Sampling was based on purpose and snowball sampling method to reach theoretical saturation with 15 participants. The main method of data collection, using semi-structured interviews and data analysis method was done using Granheim's thematic analysis method. The validity and reliability of the present study were assessed by the method of review by participants, review by non-participants (university professors and research colleagues) and also by frequent reference and comparison of various codes and consultations with experts. Findings included 67 basic open codes, 9 core categories and 4 main themes: 1) Common goals and perspectives 2) Collective learning 3) Common professional practice 4) Common professional reflection. Also, the results show that the components included in the model of the professional learning community are steps of a continuous cycle of continuous improvement in the university that can continue until the desired results are achieved.

Endogenous development model is an undeniable necessity for today's architecture and urbanism. Iran is a country which requires an especial development to approach goals for sustaining food, education, hygiene and hope, righteously. Iranian urban designers do not note the sustainable and endogenous development in their projects since their only basic goal is urban growth. Hence, the most urban and architectural problems relates closely to the difference between growth and development. While development is a qualitative matter, growth refers to a quantitative one. Endogenous development is quite a qualitative model that covers a comprehensive domain. This paper tries to examine contemporary architecture in Esfahan through one of the most harmonic models of development theory named Endogenous Development by an analytic research method. Urban residential density is the main topic, examined through Endogenous Development model in Esfahan. The result shows that the existing residential density condition in this city is too far from Endogenous Development proposition.At the end, via a synthetic approach, a new model derived from Endogenous Development named Score model is suggested to be able to reform and change unsuitable residential urban and architectural density in Esfahan and make it closer to Endogenous Development targets.

Different world views and philosophies in defining development problems and their solutions derive currently from different disciplines. They refer in many respects to the principle of cause-effect as a fundamental relationship between phenomena. The history of differing values and attitudes presented in management and design indicates the importance of this relationship.This sort of knowledge and some of the values and attitudes needed by built environment professionals can be explored by the Endogenous Development Model and its associated internal paradigms of production-process and supply-demand relationships. The first is responsible for the evolution of thought in a diachronous space-time dimension and the second causes the generation of typologies created in a synchronous three-dimensional space.Particular emphasis is placed on the meaning of development in the context of endogenous people-centred development. The paper addresses the fact that the means of production and the associated supply-demand mechanism are generated in the west. Indeed, for some today, what is seen as the historical process of “Westernization” may well be rejected outright as a goal for developing countries.

Today, most of the big cities or metropolises around the world have been encountering with the problem of informal habitation. The present study, thus, tries to focus on the role of endogenous development in such type of habitation process. For that matter, the paper takes into account architectural programming and urbanism as its theoretical framework because the endogenous development is related to new ways of architecture and urbanism.For a society, exogenous or vertical development and Endogenous or people are two main developmental processes. The current study tries to show as how the endogenous development solves the informal habitation problem. At first, the study analyzes the meaning of habitation, exogenous and endogenous development and then determines how the endogenous development, which is based on sustainable development, help peoples deal with their problems. The methodology applied in this study is analytical, combined with qualitative (from the case study to the theory) and quantitative (from the theory to the case study) researches. Explaining seven factors, the study concludes that the endogenous development has key role in solving the informal habitation problems.

This paper aiming at introduction of non-official settlement and its relation with developmental issues and plans in the recent years in Iran, studies reasons of this problem and paves the way for new concept of Endogenous Development. Also solution of internal empowerment is introduced in this paper to solve non-official settlement complication and other problems thereof.Internal empowerment is impressed by endogenous development which regarding concepts borrowed from sustainable development depends on using potential abilities and capabilities of non-official residents of cities in order to improve their life quality and residential conditions. Therefore related texts have been studied via analytical descriptive procedure and finally some principles have been proposed as solutions of non-official settlement complications.Non-official settlement is a collection of predicaments, problems, and also capabilities and facilities that present policies failed to benefit from its hidden facilities to overcome the problems. In fact disregarding these capabilities, methods of direct intervention of government (from omission, destructive and police intervention to housing, supplying land, and setting urban standards) were inefficient and had no benefit for the lowest-paid strata of the society and a true development can not be expected. For this reason, the following principles are proposed as guide principles in solving non-official settlement complication: - Revising policies and supplying urban spaces planned for low-paid strata: As non-official settlement results from lack of official, appropriate, and affordable space for urban low-paid strata, revising governmental-public sector’ s usual encounter with this event is principle.- The facilitator and guide role of governmental-public sector: in this case, duties fulfillment doesn’t mean direct satisfaction of all requirements and carrying responsibility of all affairs by governmental-public sector but it shall be fulfilled through facilitating procedures and comprehensive participation and empowering targeted societies in meeting their needs.- The mobilization of intra-societies resources and supported and directed self-help: Using human and social resources derived from the societies are the most important guide principles of empowerment and organization.- The right of residence and security in residence along with civil responsibility: Facing non-official settlement, policy making is not based on prevention of emigration and residence in city but it is based on getting citizenship duties and responsibilities fulfillment across to the residents to enjoy these rights - Strengthening economical-social foundations of family emphasizing housing and employment: housing is the biggest capital of families that its maintenance and improvement protects family’s integrity and improves manpower’s efficiency and its interconnection with the society.- Comprehensive, expandable and prospective procedure: economical-social development should be coincident with physical promotion and improvement actions and in this process, institutionalized capacity development will be possible by participation and empowerment of local societies.- Fortification, role and duties of local management institutes in the process of empowerment and organization of non-official settlement: organization and proportional management institutionalization to guide and support organization and planned settlement by mutual participation of these societies and local institutions (especially Municipality and Islamic City Halls) are necessary for sustainability of executive actions and plans and guaranty of their success.